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Publius Septimius Geta

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For other people of the same name, see Publius Septimius Geta (disambiguation).

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Geta

Joint 22nd Emperor of the Roman Empire (with Caracalla)

Reign

209 – December 211

Predecessor

Septimius Severus

Successor

Caracalla

Co-emperors

Severus (209–Feb.211)

Caracalla (209–Dec.211)

Full name
Publius Septimius Geta (from birth to 209); Caesar Publius Septimius Geta Augustus (from 209 to death)

Father

Mother

Born

7 March 189

Rome

Died

19 December 211 (aged 22)

Geta (Latin: Publius Septimius Geta Augustus;^[1] 7 March 189 –19 December 211), was a Roman emperor who ruled with his father Septimius Severus and his older brother Caracalla from 209 until his death, when he was murdered on Caracalla's orders.

Early life

Geta was the younger son of Septimius Severus by his second wife Julia Domna. Geta was born in Rome, at a time when his father was only a provincial governor at the service of Emperor Commodus.

Conflicts between Geta and Caracalla were constant and often required
the mediation of their mother. To appease his younger son, Septimius
Severus gave Geta the title of Augustus in 209.

During the campaign against the Britons
in the early 3rd century CE, imperial propaganda promoted the image of a
happy family that shared the responsibilities of rule. Septimius
Severus entrusted Julia Domna with the role of counsellor, Caracalla
acted as the emperor's second in command, and administrative and
bureaucratic duties were Geta's responsibility. In reality, however, the
rivalry and antipathy between the brothers did not abate.

Joint Emperor

When Septimius Severus died in Eboracum in early 211, Caracalla and Geta were proclaimed joint emperors and returned to Rome.

Their joint rule was a failure. Later sources speculated that the
brothers wished to split the empire in two halves. By the end of 211,
the situation had become unbearable. Caracalla tried unsuccessfully to
murder Geta during the festival of Saturnalia.
Finally, on the 19th of December, Caracalla had his mother arrange a
peace meeting with his brother in his mother's apartments, and then had
him murdered in her arms by centurions.

Roman imperial dynasties
Severan dynasty
Severan dynasty - tondo.png The Severan Tondo
Chronology
Septimius Severus		193–198
—with Caracalla		198–209
—with Caracalla and Geta		209–211
Caracalla and Geta		211–211
Caracalla		211–217
Interlude: Macrinus		217–218
Elagabalus		218–222
Alexander Severus		222–235
Dynasty
Severan dynasty family tree All biographies
Succession
Preceded by Year of the Five Emperors		Followed by Crisis of the Third Century

Following Geta's assassination, Caracalla ordered his brother's name to be removed
from all inscriptions. The now sole emperor also took the opportunity
to get rid of his political enemies, on grounds of conspiracy. Cassius Dio stated that around 20,000 men and women were killed or proscribed during this time.^[2]

Portrait

Very few marble portraits attributable to Geta survive to date, presumably due to the very thorough damnatio memoriae
which resulted in the erasing of his images. However Roman coins with
his image are plentiful, and can reflect how his father Septimius
Severus and later Geta himself wanted him to be seen by the Roman people
(and especially the Roman military).

Images of Geta and his older brother Caracalla cannot be well
distinguished until the death of the father. Both sons were supposed to
be presented as equally suitable heirs to the throne, showing thus more
"depth" to the dynasty.

On his coins Caracalla, who became Augustus in 197, was shown with a
wreath of laurels, while Geta remained bareheaded until he himself
became Augustus in 209.^[3]
Between 209 and their father's death in February 211, both brothers
were shown as equally mature young men with a short full beard, ready to
take over the empire. Between the death of Septimus Severus and the
assassination of Geta, Caracalla's portraits did not change, while Geta
was depicted with a long beard with hanging hairs much like his father, a
strong indication of Geta's efforts to be seen as the "true" successor
of his father.^[4]

Gallery

Head of young Geta at Glyptothek, Munich.
A denarius of Geta.
The Severan Tondo,
a painting of Septimius Severus with Julia Domna, Caracalla, and Geta,
whose face is smeared out, probably because of the damnatio memoriae put
against him by Caracalla.

Notes

In Classical Latin, Geta's name would be inscribed as PVBLIVS SEPTIMIVS GETA AVGVSTVS.

Andreas
Pangerl: Porträttypen des Caracalla und des Geta auf Römischen
Reichsprägungen - Definition eines neuen Caesartyps des Caracalla und
eines neuen Augustustyps des Geta; Archäologisches Korrespondenzblatt
des RGZM Mainz 43, 2013, 1, 99–116

References

Dio Cassius lxxvii; Herodian iv. I.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Publius Septimius Geta.

Life of Geta (Historia Augusta at LacusCurtius: Latin text and English translation)

Regnal titles
Publius Septimius Geta Severan dynasty Born: 7 March 189 Died: 26 December 211
Preceded by Septimius Severus	Roman Emperor 209–211 With: Septimius Severus and Caracalla	Succeeded by Caracalla
Political offices
Preceded by Lucius Fabius Cilo, Marcus Annius Flavius Libo	Consul of the Roman Empire 205 with Caracalla	Succeeded by Marcus Nummius Umbrius Primus Senecio Albinus, Lucius Fulvius Gavius Numisius Petronius Aemilianus
Preceded by Lucius Annius Maximus, Gaius Septimius Severus Aper	Consul of the Roman Empire 208 with Caracalla	Succeeded by Lucius Aurelius Commodus Pompeianus, Quintus Hedius Lollianus Plautius Avitus
Legendary titles
Vacant Interregnum Title last held by Lucius	King of Britain	Succeeded by Bassianus

[show] v t e Roman and Byzantine emperors

Authority control	WorldCat VIAF: 77699459 LCCN: n83214057 ISNI: 0000 0000 6139 2416 GND: 118717154 SUDOC: 027686043 ULAN: 500355710

Categories:

Cassius Dio, Roman History [1]

Andreas
Pangerl: Porträttypen des Caracalla und des Geta auf Römischen
Reichsprägungen - Definition eines neuen Caesartyps des Caracalla und
eines neuen Augustustyps des Geta; Archäologisches Korrespondenzblatt
des RGZM Mainz 43, 2013, 1, 99–116

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